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Track Connectivity Across a Growing Network Coding / DSA Interview

Given a number of servers and a sequence of direct connection events between pairs of servers, answer whether two given servers are connected after each event, processing many union and query operations efficiently.

1. Problem Statement

You are given a number of servers labeled 0 to n-1. Implement connect(a, b) to record a direct connection, and isConnected(a, b) to report whether two servers are in the same connected group. Both operations will be called many times, interleaved.

2. Live Coding Format

Work in the provided coding workspace while explaining your decisions to the live interviewer. Validation may use inline tests, examples, comments, or a verbal walkthrough.

3. Key Focus Areas

  • 1
    Problem clarification and contract
  • 2
    Approach exploration and optimality
  • 3
    Think-aloud communication and pacing
  • 4
    Implementation correctness
  • 5
    Code quality and language fluency
  • 6
    Handwritten tests and dry run
  • 7
    Debugging and self-correction
  • 8
    Complexity analysis
  • 9
    Follow-up performance

4. What Strong Candidates Should Demonstrate

  • Clarify indexing, self-connections, and repeated-connection behavior before coding.
  • Explain a naive BFS-per-query baseline and improve to union-find with path compression and union by rank/size.
  • Think aloud while implementing careful find/union logic.
  • Validate with explicit expected outputs and a top-to-bottom handwritten dry run.
  • Analyze time and space complexity and handle a bounded follow-up modification.

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Core Concepts

Union-FindDisjoint Set UnionGraphsComplexity Analysis

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